Everything below concerns REV-ERB. We keep the language plain, cite what the science says, and separate well-supported claims from open questions.
Updated 2026-03-19. Numbers and descriptions here follow the published literature rather than marketing material.
SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule studied as an agonist of the nuclear receptors REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ, also called NR1D1 and NR1D2. These receptors help regulate circadian rhythms and metabolic gene programs. The compound was developed for laboratory research, not as an approved therapeutic. Its identity is distinct from steroid hormones and selective androgen receptor modulators. Scientific interest centers on how REV-ERB activation changes gene expression in cells and animal models.
At the molecular level, SR9009 binds the ligand-binding domain of REV-ERB and strengthens recruitment of corepressor proteins such as NCoR and HDAC3. This increases repression of target genes, including Bmal1 and other clock-controlled and metabolic genes. In rodent studies, such changes have been linked to altered lipid handling, glucose metabolism, and energy expenditure. The precise chain of events between receptor binding and whole-body effects remains an active area of research. Findings in animals do not automatically translate to humans.
Laboratory samples of SR9009 are typically handled as research chemicals rather than pharmaceuticals. Suppliers usually state that the material is for research use only and not for human or veterinary administration. Storage recommendations generally call for a freezer at approximately −20 °C, protection from light, and a desiccated environment. The solid is often described as a white to off-white powder. Solubility is commonly reported in organic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide and ethanol, with low solubility in water.
Analytical identification and purity assessment often use high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection or mass spectrometry. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry is used to detect and quantify SR9009 in biological matrices, including urine and blood, for anti-doping or pharmacokinetic studies. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can confirm molecular structure. Stability depends on form and storage: the solid is generally more stable than solutions, and repeated freeze–thaw cycles may degrade samples. Purity is typically reported as a percentage from a certificate of analysis.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical class | Synthetic small molecule | Studied as a REV-ERB agonist |
| Molecular formula | C20H24ClN3O4S | Reported for the neutral compound |
| Appearance | Off-white to pale yellow solid | Typical research-grade material |
| Solubility | Sparingly soluble in water | Soluble in solvents such as DMSO |
| Common synonyms | SR9009; Stenabolic | Stenabolic is an informal alias |
SR9009 is not approved as a medicine by major regulatory agencies. It is commonly sold as a research chemical, a category that may fall outside customary drug approval and quality rules. In sports, the World Anti-Doping Agency lists SR9009 as a prohibited substance. Athletes who use it can face sanctions if it is detected in a sample. Legal status varies by country, and importation may be restricted. Enforcement practices differ across borders.
Detection of SR9009 in biological samples usually employs liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. This method can identify the parent compound and sometimes metabolites in urine or blood. Because exposure can be low and clearance may be rapid, sample timing and limits of detection matter. Laboratories validate assays for sensitivity and specificity. Results are interpreted alongside chain-of-custody and quality-control records. Urine is the common matrix for anti-doping analysis, while blood may be used in research settings.
Preclinical reports have linked SR9009 to improved endurance and altered energy expenditure in rodents. Such findings have prompted interest in whether REV-ERB activation can influence skeletal muscle metabolism. However, the reported effects depend on dose, route, and experimental model, and replication across laboratories is limited. Human trials have not established comparable outcomes, so claims about exercise performance remain speculative. The absence of controlled human data is a central limitation in interpreting these observations.
The mechanism of action involves binding to REV-ERB receptors and recruiting corepressor complexes, which represses target gene transcription. This contrasts with many nuclear receptor agonists that activate transcription. Downstream effects may include changes in autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and lipid handling, but the precise pathways remain an active area of study. Whether these molecular events translate into meaningful physiological effects in humans is unresolved. Most evidence comes from cultured cells and rodent models rather than human participants.
Following the September 2 bombing in Davao City that killed 14 people in the city's central business district, on September 3 Duterte declared a "state of lawlessness", and on the following day issued Proclamation No. 55 to officially declare a "state of national emergency on account of lawless violence in Mindanao". On December 7, Duterte signed Executive Order No. 10 creating a consultative committee to review the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines. Duterte adjusted to working and residing at the Malacañang Palace by dividing his workweek between Manila and Davao City, spending three days in each city and utilizing the Malacañang of the South while in Davao. A Pulse Asia survey conducted from July 2–8 showed that Duterte had a trust rating of 91%, the highest of the six presidents since the Marcos dictatorship. In December 2016, Duterte was ranked 70th on Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People.
=== Child exploitation in Kenya === An investigation in 2025 found that TikTok was profiting from sexual livestreams in Kenya involving minors, with teenagers as young as 15 using the platform to solicit explicit content. Women in Kenya reported earning money through TikTok Lives, where coded sexual slang and emoji gifts facilitated transactions, with explicit content often delivered via other platforms. TikTok takes a 70% cut of these livestream earnings and has been aware of child exploitation since at least 2022. Many moderators say the company's content policies are ineffective, and digital pimps exploit underage users on the large. Kenya lacks adequate moderation, and TikTok denies any sort of wrongdoing. In response to the exposé, Kenya's Communications Authority (CA) launched a formal inquiry, directing TikTok to remove all sexual content involving minors and submit a detailed plan to strengthen its moderation and child protection systems.
=== Protein evolution and origins of life === In addition to structural bioinformatics, Ben-Tal has worked on protein evolution and the emergence of protein architectures and functions. His laboratory describes this research as addressing how novel protein structures and functions arise during molecular evolution. To trace the evolutionary history of proteins, Ben-Tal, Rachel Kolodny of University of Haifa and coworkers searched among large representative sets of proteins for segments that are similar in sequence (and often also in structure). They presented the results as a similarity network, using a methodology that they tailor-made for this study, showing that many proteins share smaller segments with each other. For example, they observed the same amino acid both within a short theme shared by many proteins and within a longer theme shared only by few. Next, they searched for themes that appear in different sequence and structural contexts within proteins, calling these bridging themes. They found many bridging themes, with an average length of about 40 residues. Interestingly, only about half of these also share a similar structure; the different environment may have induced a conformational change. Some of the bridging themes bind ligands, which attests to their functional importance. Another testimony to the evolutionary importance of these themes is the fact that some of the most ancient protein folds (e.g. Rossmann, P-loop, and TIM-barrel) were found to share them. The bridging themes may offer hints to the emergence of earliest protein families.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
=== Analytical methods === HMX enters the environment through air, water, and soil because it is widely used in military and civil applications. At present, reverse-phase HPLC and more sensitive LC-MS methods have been developed to accurately quantify the concentration of HMX in a variety of matrices in environmental assessments.
== Nonsense mediated decay == Since eRF1 has the ability to recognize and bind to stop codons, it has evolved as a key component in mRNA quality surveillance mechanisms. One mechanism of mRNA quality surveillance is the nonsense mediated decay (NMD) pathway.
==== Auxiliary channel ==== The DisplayPort AUX channel is a half-duplex data channel used for miscellaneous additional data beyond video and audio, such as EDID (I2C) or CEC commands. This bidirectional data channel is required, since the video lane signals are unidirectional (simplex) from source to display. AUX signals are transmitted across a dedicated set of twisted-pair wires. DisplayPort 1.0 specified Manchester encoding with a 2 MBd signal rate (1 Mbit/s data rate). Version 1.2 of the DisplayPort standard introduced a second transmission mode called FAUX (Fast AUX), which operated at 720 Mbit/s with 8b/10b encoding (576 Mbit/s data rate), but it was deprecated in version 1.3.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
SR9009 is a synthetic research compound that activates the REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ nuclear receptors. It is not an approved drug and has no established human therapeutic use. Most published biological data come from cell and rodent studies.
No. SR9009 is frequently mislabeled as a SARM in online discussions, but it does not target androgen receptors. Its known mechanism involves REV-ERB nuclear receptors and circadian-metabolic gene regulation.
Human clinical data are very limited. There is no approved human use, and safety and efficacy in people are not established. Most evidence comes from preclinical models, so effects observed in animals may not apply to humans.
Legality depends on the country and the intended use. In many places it is sold as a research chemical, but sports and medicine regulations restrict it.